Adverbs of Frequency (always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never)

Start here. Adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens. They are a key part of scientific and environmental language, where speakers describe patterns, cycles, and recurring events.

The Four Seasons

A monologue describing the four seasons in one city, covering temperatures, weather patterns, and seasonal activities. Listen for adverbs of frequency from Lesson 1 used throughout the passage.

Climate and Weather

Randall describes the climate of Utah in this short culture video, covering seasonal temperatures, snowfall, and outdoor activities. Vocabulary includes “arid,” “semi-arid,” “humidity,” and “flash flood.”

Desert Life

Randall visits Canyonlands National Park in Utah and discovers tadpole shrimp living in a desert pothole. A short, engaging video showing how life adapts to extreme conditions. Vocabulary includes “trail,” “national park,” and “dormant.”

Modals of Advice (might, could, should, ought to, have to, had better)

Learn how to give and understand advice and recommendations in English. Environmental discussions are full of these forms: “people should limit outdoor activity,” “you ought to restrict driving.” Look for these forms in the next activity.

Air Pollution

Randall explains air inversions and their effects on air quality in Utah in this culture video. Listen for modals of advice from Lesson 5 used directly.

Gerunds and Infinitives (like doing / want to do)

Learn when to use a gerund (verb + -ing) and when to use an infinitive (to + verb). Both forms appear frequently in environmental and scientific discussions. Look for them in the two activities that follow.

Saving the Earth

Nine-year-old Alex shares her ideas on how people can help protect the environment. Listen for gerunds and modals from Lessons 5 and 7 used naturally throughout the conversation.

A Greener World

A more demanding academic listening activity on the global movement toward recycling and environmental protection. Listen for gerunds and infinitives from Lesson 7 throughout the passage.

Passive Voice (All Tenses)

Learn how the passive voice works across all tenses. Scientific and academic content relies on this structure heavily, shifting focus from the doer to the action itself. Look for it in the activities that follow.

A Rare Solar Eclipse

This difficult academic listening activity covers a rare solar eclipse over North America, explaining what made it so unique and what precautions are needed to view eclipses safely. Listen for passive voice from Lesson 10 in the passage.

A Visitor from Space

A news report on meteors and asteroids, covering their current and historical impact on Earth and the scientific efforts to monitor them. Listen for passive voice from Lesson 10 in the passage.

Present or Future Unreal Conditional (If + past, would / might / could)

Learn how to talk about hypothetical situations and imaginary scenarios. This structure is common in scientific and philosophical discussions, where speakers explore possibilities and what-if scenarios. Look for it in the two interviews that follow.

Life in Space

Randall and Aubrey discuss the likelihood of life beyond our solar system in this advanced interview. Look for the unreal conditional from Lesson 13 throughout the conversation.

Time Travel: Should it Be Allowed?

Randall and Aubrey debate whether time travel should be allowed in this advanced interview. The unreal conditional from Lesson 13 runs throughout the conversation, making it a strong wrap-up for the grammar and listening skills built across the path.